We have assembled a dataset of 789 insect wings with representatives from 25 families and performed a comprehensive computational analysis of their morphology using topological and. Therefore consider the list below as a general indicator of the insects, bugs and spiders that may be found in a given state or province. Patterns on wings often draw the eye to the false head. Types of flying insects university of alaska fairbanks.
There are many types of flying insects, each characterized by specific features. At first glance there is little to indicate to you that these insects have wings. In all cases the anal opening is located on the last segment. Our comprehensive list of bugs and insects can help d etermine what insects, rodents or birds are pestering you, plus how to. This type of metamorphosis includes the egg stage, larval stage, pupal stage and adult stage. It is estimated that about 6 10 million species of insects exist on the earth, some of which are not even identified as yet. In insect wings, students will read about different types of wings that some insects have. Insect wing deformations can vary enormously between species, during different types of flight, and even from stroke to stroke, although general patterns of. The ability to fly was critical to insects becoming the most diverse and abundant animal group, and the origin of such novelty has been a focus of intense scientific inquiry for more than a century 3, 4. Insects photographic atlas of entomology and guide to insect identification how to know the immature insects insects and diseases of woody plants of the central rockies pests of the west book title list handout. Their wings develop as evaginations of the exoskeleton during morphogenesis but they become fully functional only during the adult stage of an insects life cycle. Insects are distinguished from other arthropods by their body, which is divided into three major regions.
Some people identify the types of insects based on its habit flying, crawling, running etc. Insect abdomens usually have 10 or 11 clearly defined segments. Certain primitive insects like silverfish and spring tail have no wings apterous. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Mouth parts in insects with diagram biology discussion. A number of different methods of coupling the wings to achieve this have been developed. The carpenter ant is also considered a wood destroying insect that prefers moist decaying wood. Monitor the garden identify the insect or problem evaluate the situation and predict the impact of the damage, if any. Most insects are pinned through the centre of the thorax and are set with wings extended. Entomologists classify insects into three groups based on the type of metamorphosis they.
The carpenter ant is black in color and larger than most other types of ants. Insects are the only invertebrates to have developed the power of flight, and their wings are unique. More recently, through studies of genetic model systems such as. The origin of wings and venational types in insects. View and download powerpoint presentations on legs and wings of insects ppt. There are a total of 945 alabama insects 945 found in the insect identification database. Insects class insecta have segmented bodies, jointed legs, and external skeletons. This type of mouth parts are supposed to be the most primitive type as the other types are believed to be evolved from biting and chewing type of mouth parts. The wing spans extend over two orders of magnitude, from ca. The muscular activity of flight further raises its temperature. Entomology types of wings insects flashcards quizlet. Bad bugs can eat plants or cause damage at different stages in their lives, so make sure you are getting rid of the bad bugs when they are causing the most damage. This is rather inefficient, the effectiveness of the wing beat may be increased by the wings acting together. Very carefully remove all pins except for the one through the insects thorax.
Borer infestations are best prevented once they bore beneath the bark, there are few treatment options. Lepidoptera the order of insects that includes butterflies and moths. Other important features of their body are the antennae, compound eyes, and legs. The insect leg generalized orthoptera leg of weta 3. Thats why pestworld developed robust pest and insect identification guides to serve as a handy bug identifier. The thorax is the middle of the insects body and is the locomotion part of an insect. Insect antennae are feelers that help the insect feel, see, hear, smell, and taste. They are found on the second and third thoracic segments the mesothorax and metathorax, and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments. In collembolans, the tarsus and tibia are fused into a single tibiotarsus.
Older larvae feed under a web of silk on young leaves, petioles and growingpoints of the plant, often damagingit entirely, by. Introduction to the identification of insects and related. Types of insect wings tegmina elytra elytra hemelytra halteres fringed wings fringed wings scaly wings membranous wings membranous wings membranous wings hairy wings types of wing coupling hamulate amplexiform types of wing coupling frenate types of insect wings tegmina elytra elytra hemelytra halteres fringed wings fringed wings scaly wings membranous. Many ants also feed on honeydew, a sweet liquid produced by aphids and scale insects. Orkin insect zoo, located inside the smithsonian institutions national museum of natural history, will change the way you view insects and their relatives. Factors for insects abundance classification of phylum arthropoda upto classes. Use a very small amount of watersoluble glue to attach the insect to the point of the card. Whichever the case, it is very important to classify insects. The ventral surfaces of the tarsomeres often bear pads called tarsal pulvilli that aid movement on. Entries are listed below in alphabetical order atoz. The large anal area are membranous and folded in fanlike manner.
Heteroptera tegmina front wings that are completely leathery or parchmentlike in texture orthoptera, blattodea, and mantodeae. So that the wings can be positioned, the body of the insect is lowered into a groove in a polystyrene board. A swarm ceases flying only when environmental conditions changee. Ectoparasites like head louse, poultry louse and flea are secondarily wingless. These consist of the labrum forming upper lip, mandibles, first maxillae, second maxillae forming lower lip, hypo pharynx and the epipharynx. Of all the multicellular species on our planet, insects are the most speciose, with more than one million species1. However, there are few systematic studies of the variability of the natural patterns in wing morphology across insects. Computational analysis of size, shape and structure of. These insects lack wings in their entire life cycle.
Some 350 million years ago, the development of insect wings was a seminal event in the evolution of insect body design 1, 2. It is active in the twilight, night and dawn hours. The insect thorax and abdomen in the simplest terms, the thorax is the locomotory centre of the insect since all six legs and the wings are found there. Primitively the pairs of wings beat independently of one another. Lameere and others published on the wing venation of insects find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. On the basis of presence and absence of wings the insect kingdom is classified into pterygotes and apterygotes respectively. The total number of insect species documented are more than 1 million. How to pin and spread butterflies and other insects for. Elytra are wings which act as protection and covering for the flight wings of beetles. The wings are strengthened by a number of longitudinal veins, which often have.
We can classify them based o their morphology, habitats and other characters. Good bugs are usually easiest to attract when they are. Recognizing insect larval types download pdf by lee townsend, extension entomologist university of kentucky college of agriculture insects develop from egg to adult in a process called metamorphosis which may be generally classified as either gradual or complete. Carding a small insect is glued onto a rectangular piece of card measuring either 5x14mm or. And now for my next trick, standing on my headbest viewed large 330692738. Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly. Insect flight has been a topic of great interest in aerodynamics due partly to the inability of steadystate theories to explain the lift generated by the tiny wings of insects.
Other ants nest in decaying or moisturedamaged wood. In most insect orders these cross veins are reduced or absent. Use the pin through the thorax to pin the insect into the display. Removing a pin by pulling the wrong direction can break a leg or antennae. Insects are arthropods which have an exoskeleton that is chitinous and a body divided into three parts head, thorax, and abdomen. Free how to download pdf book full guide agriculture at a glance book outlines of insect morphology and systematics history of entomology in india. The determination of the homology of the wingveins of the. The importance of insect order and family identification. Some of these modifications just provide greater surface area for sensory receptors, while others are unique adaptations that bestow special sensory capabilities, such as detecting sound vibrations, wind speed, or humidity. In europe the term locust denotes large acridids, whereas smaller. A third preexisting structure that is drawn into the formation of the wing is the trach.
Many insects have flight wings which are hidden beneath another set of modified wings called elytra see examples on page 10. Perhaps the most well known of all flying insects, the diptera, only have one set of wings with the second set being reduced to tiny air sacs known as halters. This requires great care as the insect is now very brittle and fragile again. A typical insect has 6 legs appendages and wings to fly. In some types of insects, such as flies and beetles, the second pair of wings changed shape as the insect evolved and is no longer used for flying. Prerequisites a flap of reasonable size, positioned amidships some sort of articulation, to allow movement muscles to flap it up and down and control the structure a preexisting function for the structure while it is small. However, many have easily observable and functional wings which immediately identify the creature as an insect. Some organisms we think of as insects are actually not, such as scorpions, spiders, centipedes and millipedes. The tarsus is a simple, undivided segment in holometabolous larvae and basal hexapods such as protura and some collembola. Insects that beat their wings more rapidly, such as the bumblebee, use asynchronous muscle. Over a million visitors each year are discovering their global ecological importance, and the interdependent relationship between insects and humans. The vivid and engaging photographs will help readers make visualizations and classify information. Insects may undergo gradual metamorphosis, in which the transformation is subtle, or they can undergo a complete metamorphosis, in which each stage of the life cycle has a distinctly different appearance from the one before and the one after the current stageor they can experience something in between.
Insects are of different types and we may confuse with worms. Wing types and venation ssnaik linkedin slideshare. There are many insects which do not appear to have wings or actually lack wings. The wings are composed of two membranes of the cuticle pressed together and supported by a series of veins.
Insect morphology and systematics pdf book agrimoon. Hind wings from costa to cubitus are tough and opaque like the forewings. Grooves of any width can be cut in this setting board with a bread knife. The pattern of veins of the wings is characteristic of most insect species and is extensively used by entomologists as a basis for classification. This is achieved by the muscle being stimulated to contract again by a release in tension in the muscle, which can happen more rapidly than through simple nerve stimulation alone. In most insects, tarsus is usually made up of two to five segments called tarsomeres. Some insect wings are iridescent under different angles of light with varying cuticle layer constructions. A gregariousphase locust is restless and irritable, and it flies spontaneously on warm dry days, when its body temperature is high.
The adult insect possess a pair of antennae it bears from the 2 nd segment of head antennae function almost exclusively in sensory perception. Examples of insects include ants, butterflies, and beetles. Scale butterfly wings are composed of microscopic scales. Types of insect heads based on the inclination of long axis of the head and orientation of mouth parts there are three types of insect heads. The wings may be membranous, parchmentlike, heavily sclerotized, fringed with long hairs, or covered with scales. Practice integrated pest management ipm before choosing a course of action about an insect in the garden, remember the four principles of ipm. Materials, structure, and dynamics of insect wings as bioinspiration. Structure of insect wings according to current dogma, the archedictyon contained 68. Insect wings come in a vast variety of colors, shapes, and sizes. You can always go back to the insects by state listing. Insects are a group of organisms that possess maximum diversity. For the first 4 or 5 days from hatching, the small larvae feed on the underside of leave. Stigma a patch of scent scales found on males that are used during courtship.
They live exclusively on plant material like flower nectar, seeds, leaves etc. The detailed morphology, functions, and development of this layered. Colonies of carpenter ants can grow to almost 20,000 strong and can cause major structural damage to the frame of a house or building if not eliminated. It is at right angles to the long axis of the body. Antennae are articulated with in front between the compound eyes. Such is the diversity and variety among the species that half of the living ones belong to the class insecta. Apart from the vertebrates, insects are the only other group of animals to have successfully evolved flight.
Midges small, biting insects can flap their wings more than 1,000 times every second. A list of different types of flying insects with pictures. See more ideas about insect wings, wings and insects. Insects having wings, but the wings cannot fold back over the insects.
A pictorial key to the order of adult insects winged wingless go to page 64 front wings hardened, leathery or parchmentlike at least at the base front wings membranous go to page 61 chewing mouthparts sucking mouthparts without pincerlike cerci with pincerlike cerci front wings leathery at base and membranous at end front wings of uniform. The insect is glued to the tip of a triangle of white card which is mounted on a pin. An insects head contains eyes, mouthparts and antennae. Most insects have two pairs of wings, which lift them into the air so they can fly. Types of insect wings tegmina elytra elytra hemelytra halteres fringed wings fringed wings scaly wings membranous wings membranous wings membranous wings hairy wings types of wing coupling hamulate amplexiform types of wing coupling frenate types of insect wings tegmina elytra elytra hemelytra halteres fringed wings fringed wings scaly wings membranous wings membranous wings membranous wings. But insect wings are in motion, with flapping and vibrations, resulting in churning and eddies, and the misconception that physics says bumblebees cant fly.
Many of these require carefully timed annual management programs to minimize infestation and damage. These insects rely other animals tissue to feed on. These halters are believed to be involved in inflight balance and allow flies to do incredible aerodynamic moves such as hovering and midair mating dances robber flies. Pdf approaches to the structural modeling of insect wings. Insect wings insect wings have rigid veins which support the wing in flight. Approaches to the structural modeling of insect wings article pdf available in philosophical transactions of the royal society b biological sciences 3581437. Their wings develop as evaginations of the exoskeleton during morphogenesis but they become fully functional only during the adult stage of an insect s life cycle. The identification of insects and other pests can be tricky. Anal veins a veins behind the cubitus, unbranched, two in forewing, many in hind wing. There are no or very few branching in stick insect wing veins.
Several species of wood boring insects can damage trees and shrubs in nebraska figure 1. The wing veins may look different in different insect groups, scientists tracked that all different insect wings are evolved from the same ancestor, i. Locust, family acrididae, any of a group of insects order orthoptera that are distributed worldwide, the common name of which generally refers to the group of shorthorned grasshoppers that often increase greatly in numbers and migrate long distances in destructive swarms. However, there are few systematic studies of the variability of the natural patterns in wing morphology. Ants eat different types of food, including starches, meats, fats and sweets. Media in category insect wings the following 55 files are in this category, out of 55 total. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about legs and wings of insects ppt.